Y’all know how I feel about the Young Nonprofit Professionals Network. They rock, and everyone involved is super committed to the success of young nonprofit professionals in the sector. So I was excited to see this message in my inbox about their search for new national board members. You can learn more about the current board here and see that you’d be in good company! Check out the message below and go on ahead and apply if you feel this opportunity is for you!
———————————————–
Looking to take your leadership to the next level? If you are committed to nonprofits, ready for a new challenge, and want to help lead the YNPN movement, we encourage you to apply here by September 27 for a two-year term (Jan. 1, 2011 – Dec. 31, 2012) with the YNPN National Board.
We are a working board, helping to steer the course of YNPN’s growth, national presence, committees, programs, and activities. We are looking particularly for people with skills and experience in:
- strategy and organization development,
- familiarity with organizations comprised of geographically diverse chapters,
- advocacy and/or marketing and public relations,
- financial oversight,
- fundraising (foundations, individuals, sponsorships), and
- technology.
Most importantly, we are seeking people who are passionate about the YNPN movement, are committed and follow through on their word, and are excellent project and volunteer managers. We also want to continue to diversify the board, not only in terms of race, gender etc., but also in terms of professions, geography, and involvement with YNPN chapters.
Below is a link to the board application, which will give you more information about the opportunities and responsibilities that come with National Board membership and the complete process to apply. This is an exciting time for the organization and board members will benefit from incredible professional and personal development opportunities. We hope you will consider joining us!
Link to the application:
https://spreadsheets.google.com/viewform?hl=en&formkey=dFVsdVlOZGxBeXBfMnByWURwQ01zUEE6MA#gid=0
If you have questions about the application process or about National Board service, please direct them to applications@ynpn.org.
Also, if you know of individuals who may be good candidates for the national board, please pass this information along to them.
The deadline to apply here is September 27, 2010. Selected candidates will interview with current board members in early October. Terms begin Jan. 1, 2011.
One of my highlights of last week was being in Wisconsin and trying fried pickles for the first time. Man, were they delicious! I’m still thinking about the fun time I had exploring downtown Milwaukee with my friend Ian Bautista, President of United Neighborhood Centers of America and his beautiful family. There’s so much amazing green space there, a major departure from the concrete jungle that is Washington, DC.
I had the privilege of being in Milwaukee to work with Public Allies during their National Gathering. Several dozen Public Allies’ staff from around the country were in attendance for a week of fellowship, learning and leadership development. Now there are a lot of great organizations out there, but I gotta tell you, Public Allies is the real deal. From the moment I walked into the room, the energy, passion and commitment of the staff was overwhelming. They are truly leaders helping leaders.
I gave a keynote outlining ideas for new leadership for a new nonprofit sector where I talked a lot about the four kinds of leaders I think we need now in order to effect social change.
- True Believers
- Ruthless Innovators
- Ambassadors of Diversity
- Courageous Advocates
I also presented a couple of workshops on leadership and Generation Y. During each of these sessions, there was a recurring theme: personal responsibility.
We acknowledged the challenges we face in the nonprofit sector – as employees, volunteers, consultants and supporters of our individual causes as well as the sector as a whole. We talked about how the lack of funding can hinder the growth of essential leadership development programs. We talked about the tensions between generations in the nonprofit workplace. We talked about the doom and gloom because we’re realists. But we also had some powerful conversations about the roles that each of us can (and do) play in organizations.
The current state of nonprofit leadership doesn’t have to be resigned to the status quo. This is not “just how it is.” We can change the nature of nonprofit culture because we are nonprofit culture. The nonprofit “sector” is made up of individual organizations, which are made up of individual people, which means that this is all up to us. It is what we make it to be. So, when are we going to start being the change we say we wish to see?
And if not us, then who? Who?
This is a guest post by Laura Zabel, executive director of Springboard for the Arts, an organization out of St.Paul, Minnesota which connects artists with resources. Laura previously appeared on my radio show for the special episode, A Day in the Life of a Young Nonprofit Executive Director.
When I present at conferences or meet with people who are interested in nonprofit careers, there is always at least someone who asks me, “So, how’d you get that job?” When I first started 5 years ago, this question stung a bit (in the same category as “Wow, you’re younger than I expected.”) But now, as I’ve proved to myself that I can do this job, I see that people are just genuinely curious about my career path and how, after holding positions as an executive assistant and then a development manager at mid-size organizations, I came to be the executive director of a 20 year old organization at 30. So, I’ve tried to pull some useful tips from my experience for other emerging leaders hoping to make the transition to an executive director role:
- Apply for it. That’s my flip answer, but it’s also true. I think sometimes, emerging leaders spend a lot of time pointing out how few younger executive directors there are in the field and assuming that no one would hire them for those positions without actually going for it and throwing their hat in the ring. I remember very clearly reading the job description for my position to my husband and telling him, “That’s like my dream job in 10 years.” and he said, “Well, then maybe you should apply for it.” Oh, right. It’s very hard to get a job you didn’t apply for.
- Passion for the mission. It wasn’t (and still isn’t) my dream to be an executive director, it was my dream to change my community and to help and advocate for artists. I know that I probably wouldn’t have had an interview for an ED position at a different organization, but a real, authentic passion for the mission is hard to ignore. I was a constituent of the organization and invested in the community that the organization serves. When I hire new staff now, this is my number one criteria.
- Figure out how to add up all your experiences to equal something more than the parts. In my previous jobs I’d taken on a lot of new projects and tasks that weren’t originally part of my job (who doesn’t do this at small orgs, right?) and I was able to show the hiring committee that having all those experiences made me familiar with a lot of different facets of running an organization. I served on the board of a tiny organization. I’d also started and run one major side project that showed that I could, in fact, be in charge of things like budgets and people (even if they were all volunteers!)
- Finally, and perhaps most importantly, to find organizations that might be willing to take a risk on you, you’re going to have to take a risk on them. The fact is, the job I have now, wasn’t the job I applied for 5 years ago. There were some pretty big issues facing the organization – financially, strategically, and brand-wise. It was a job that people with a lot more experience than me probably didn’t want or couldn’t afford to take. But the organization also had a strong history, and a really engaged staff and board, who were committed to the mission and willing to do the work to set a new vision. They took a big risk on me and they were also willing to continue to support and mentor me, which made me feel comfortable taking a risk on them.
Laura Zabel is the Executive Director of Springboard for the Arts. Based in Saint Paul, Minnesota, Springboard for the Arts is a leader in the field of artist service and provides arts focused economic, business and career development services for artists of all disciplines and at all stages of their careers. Since 1978, Springboard has served more than 70,000 artists and cultural organizations throughout the upper Midwest.
In 2010, Laura was named one of Twin Cities Business Journal’s 40 Under Forty and Springboard won the Social Entrepreneur’s Cup award which recognizes Minnesota’s most innovative and effective social entrepreneur and the organization they lead. Laura has been a featured presenter at the National Association of Artists Organizations conference and the National Performing Arts Convention. She has presented classes and workshops on nonprofit organizations, fiscal sponsorship, fundraising and other topics for groups all across the Midwest. Laura serves on the City of Saint Paul Cultural STAR Board. In addition to her work at Springboard, Laura is an actor in the Twin Cities and has worked with companies such as Theatre in the Round and the Brave New Workshop. Laura has her undergraduate degree in theatre from the University of Kansas, where she serves on the Professional Advisory Board for the Department of Theatre. You can connect with Laura on Twitter @laurazabel
This is a guest post from Deborah Meehan, Executive Director of the Leadership Learning Community (LLC), a national nonprofit organization leveraging leadership by generating ideas, connections, and actions.
Working in the field of leadership I have heard many Executive Directors talk about the loneliness of leadership or ‘loneliness at the top’. How curious. Leadership doesn’t happen in a vacuum – it’s all about working with other people, so why the loneliness? I heard Executive Directors talk a lot about being the ones who worry about everything. Is this what it means to be a leader? It’s not so farfetched that our ideas of leadership would take on rather heroic proportions when you consider common leadership role models like Martin Luther King, Jr.
Luckily there is another point of view emerging. According to “Next Shift: Beyond the Nonprofit Leadership Crisis,” by the Building Movement Project, younger leaders are not attracted to hierarchical structures and are “trying to find new ways to organize and structure work, ranging from entrepreneurial models to shared leadership and broader participatory structures.” Instead of being heroic leaders, there is an opportunity for nonprofit leaders to think of ourselves as facilitators of a process that engages everyone in our organizations in leadership.
As Executive Director for the Leadership Learning Community (LLC), I constantly draw inspiration from young leaders and the collective leadership model. Our entire staff is our leadership team. We all have input in planning projects, setting budgets, conducting performance reviews, hiring, and actively learning from our achievements and mistakes. As a team, we come up with more creative ideas and tackle tough problems more efficiently than I (or any one individual) could alone.
Even though collective leadership empowers teams and eases the burden on ED’s, there are not a lot of nonprofit adopting this model, probably because it is not easy. In our case, we first erred in the direction of micromanagement. Now we distribute leadership and responsibility. It’s a balance, knowing when and what each of us needs to communicate to the team without overloading each other. It’s a messy business, but we continue to be amazed by what a handful of people can do when everyone’s leadership is tapped.
Although the interest in collective leadership in the nonprofit sector seems to be increasing, there is a need for more models and tools that can validate this approach and guide organizations. Last year, we made a small grant to the DataCenter, an organization that had recently adopted an entirely shared leadership model, so they could identify and share lessons from their experience. For example, all of their employees receive the same base salary and their job is divided 80/20 between program and administration tasks. This allows all the employees to learn about both aspects of the organization.
To build on these lessons, we launched a collaborative research initiative, Leadership for a New Era, with 20 partners. We hope to show how collective approaches unleash innovation, and identify tools to help organizations accomplish more (and have more fun) by tapping the full leadership potential of their teams.
Deborah Meehan is the founder and Executive Director of the Leadership Learning Community (LLC). In 1991 Deborah received a Kellogg National Leadership fellowship. She was also a 1991 Salzburg Fellow and returned to Salzburg in 2007 as a member of the Global Youth Leadership faculty. Deborah also conducts an annual Women’s Leadership Seminar for women law fellows. She has served as a consultant for the W.K. Kellogg Foundation to build an alumni association for the 700 leadership alumni of the Kellogg program. She serves as a board member for the International Leadership Association and the Blue Cross Blue Shield Foundation of MN. Deborah has created a consulting services arm of LLC and conducted evaluations for national and international leadership programs and produced leadership scans, literature reviews and made program recommendations on behalf of 30 foundations that include a broad range of small, large, regional, state and prominent national foundations.
Yesterday, I shared a few research-based facts that, together, paint a picture of Generation Y as a whole. What the data show is that we’re racially diverse, highly educated and tech savvy. The research also reveals that we maintain a unique work ethic, suffer from massive debt and generally live a very different lifestyle than our parents.
What the data doesn’t show is that my generation is also visionary, passionate and committed to creating the world as it should be.
So today, I want you to meet Erica Williams.
(Yes, I’ve blogged about her before. She’s also one of 50 young nonprofit influencers you should be following on Twitter. What can I say? She’s just that awesome.)
Erica is a Washington, D.C.-based activist and commentator who currently serves as the the Deputy Director of Progress 2050, a project of the Center for American Progress.
She is also one of the most powerful voices of my generation.
In this compelling 2009 Poptech talk, Erica talks about how Millennials are redefining civic engagement. Take 15 minutes out of your life to watch the speech in its entirety. Believe me, it’s worth it.
Lest you get overly caught up in all the research being done on Generation Y, I wanted to offer a more nuanced perspective on what members of my generation are doing.
Despite all of our job-hopping, we will be the ones to change the world. And what I hope is that we’re envisioning that new world not only for ourselves, but for all the generations that will come after us.
Can you name a leader under 40 who is effectively solving a societal problem? Unfortunately, most young leaders cannot.
Independent Sector’s 2009 American Express NGen Fellows (a cohort of 12 under-40 nonprofit leaders) just released the results of its group project, a report that looked at how emerging leaders across sectors can work together to solve society’s most pressing problems.
The final report is based on a survey distributed to more than 2,000 young leaders in nonprofits, government, and business that examined their perspectives on leadership development, cross-sector collaboration, and how to respond to major community challenges.
The most shocking part of the report for me was that the majority of respondents could not identify a single under-40 leader who is effectively solving a societal problem. Yes, you heard that right. Nearly two-thirds of the survey respondents were not aware of their own peers who are making a difference in the world every day.
How could this be?
Read the rest here.
This Monday, July 26, I invite you to tune in on your lunch break to my internet radio show, All Nonprofits Considered on BlogTalkRadio! Join me for a live discussion with Alexis Terry of ASAE & The Center for Association Leadership, Gen Y Nonprofit Blogger Anh Phuong Tran, and Erin O’Connor Jones, a consultant with the Nonprofit Professional Advisory Group and career advisor for the Jobs for Change blog on Change.org as they offer insight and information and talk about the benefits of board leadership experience for young nonprofit professionals. Remember, this will be the last show of the summer; All Nonprofits Considered will return the first week of September, Monday the 6th. Don’t miss it!
July 26, 12:00-1:00pm EST
Alexis Terry, Anh Tran & Erin O’Connor Jones Discuss the Importance of Board Leadership for Young Nonprofit Professionals
Alexis Terry is director of diversity and inclusion at ASAE & The Center for Association Leadership in Washington, DC. In this role, she works with staff and volunteer leaders to advance diversity and foster a more inclusive association community. In addition, Alexis serves as the senior staff liaison for ASAE & The Center’s Diversity Committee. Prior to joining ASAE & The Center, Alexis held a variety of roles at BoardSource, a national nonprofit dedicated to advancing the public good by building exceptional nonprofit boards and inspiring board service. In 2005, Alexis worked as a Consulting and Training Associate to engage nonprofit boards in the many educational programs and benefits the organization offers. For four years she generated revenue and cultivated and managed relationships with national nonprofits, foundations, associations, and corporations.
Alexis is the author of BoardSource’s 2008 Next Generation and Governance Findings Report and served as project manager of BoardSource’s Diversity and Next Generation Initiative, a multiyear program designed to reach and prepare diverse, next generation leaders for board service. In this role, Alexis led an internal taskforce through the creation of a three-year operational plan for this initiative, which included a goal of advancing BoardSource’s commitment to becoming a model organization on diversity and inclusion. She also worked with a team to launch Board Life Matters (www.boardlifematters.org), which is the first national blog designed to reach and inspire the next generation of nonprofit board leaders.
Alexis graduated from Pepperdine University with a bachelor’s degree in Communication and holds a certificate in Nonprofit Management. She is pursuing an Executive Certificate in Diversity Strategy from Georgetown University. Alexis is a Steering Committee Member of the Next Generation Leadership Forum with American Humanics and an Advisory Committee member to the board of the DC chapter of Young Nonprofit Professional Network (YNPN).
Anh Phuong Tran is the Empowerment Manager at IMPACT Silver Spring in Silver Spring, MD. In her current position, Anh directs several empowerment programs to build community assets, including microenterprises and workforce efforts for diverse immigrants and low-income residents. She is devoted to a career in public service, having served as an AmeriCorps director, and member, previously teaching math and science in Los Angeles with Teach For America. She is a writing coach with the University of Maryland, University College for the graduate program in management. In her free time, Anh enjoys practicing yoga and cooking 30-minute meals. She currently serves on the board of the Young Nonprofit Professionals Network, DC chapter, the Maryland Vietnamese Mutual Association, and recently joined the board of LEAP (Leadership Education for Asian Pacifics ). Anh graduated from UC Berkeley with a BA in Economics and Mass Communications and a minor in Education.
Erin O’Connor Jones manages a portfolio of nonprofit searches and oversees candidate consulting services on behalf of nonprofit job seekers currently in or new to the sector at Nonprofit Professionals Advisory Group, a niche consulting firm. Throughout her nearly 20 years career leading and managing large and small entrepreneurial nonprofits, Erin has been committed to mentoring candidates from resume writing to final negotiations in their nonprofit job search. She works directly with job seekers, including those transitioning from the private sector, to understand the distinct language and complexity of the nonprofit world. In addition, Erin is featured as one of five career advisors at www.change.org, where she leads their Jobs for Change.org sector switcher blog. Prior to joining NPAG, Erin served as the Executive Director of the Family-to-Family Project, a Boston-based agency committed to ending family homelessness. She was formerly the Vice President of Communications and Business Development at Youth Alternatives, a statewide child welfare and mental health agency based in Portland, Maine, and was the Director of Program Development and Evaluation at the Home for Little Wanderers in Boston. Her diverse background includes management, mentoring, program development, communications and fundraising in the areas of child welfare, mental health, homelessness and housing. Erin earned her Master’s of Public Administration from Suffolk University and her Bachelor of Arts in Political Science from Keene State College. She also holds a Graduate Certificate in Public Policy from Boston College’s Program for Women in Politics and Government, now a program of the McCormack Institute, University of Massachusetts Boston.
Don’t Forget to Join the Live Chat Room!
About 10 minutes before the show begins, I open up the live chat room that appears right below the audio player. Be sure to log-in to the chat room during the show to share your questions and comments. Talk live with me, my guests and the other listeners! Remember, you can both listen online or call in – this is a LIVE show! And it’s going to be AWESOME. Can’t listen to the live show? No worries – each show is archived for you to listen to later online or you can subscribe to the show in iTunes and get it in your iPod.
This is a guest post by Tracy Wright, a crusader and advocate for the anti- sexual violence movement at the North Carolina Coalition Against Sexual Assault
Recently, I celebrated my six-year anniversary working in the anti-sexual violence movement and with the North Carolina Coalition Against Sexual Assault (please hold all applause until the end). In addition to being excited about this milestone of sorts, I began to reflect on how and why I continue to do this work. The answer is simple: sound mentorship.
For the purpose of this blog, the conglomerate of allies, visionaries, advocates and survivors who serve as my mentorship circle will be coined as investors. Essentially, that’s what they are. They cultivated a relationship, believed in a product’s potential, invested time and resources and took risks. Although they don’t anticipate fiscal gains, these investors do require a sound return in work product, ethics, advocacy and sustainability. Keep in mind that working with these investors is no easy feat because they can be overbearing. However, as a product, one has to grasp that their tactics are coming from a place of wanting to see kinetic energy transform to potential energy and that energy manifest into social change. If you, as a product, are in a place where you want to seek investors and their buy in, here are five things I think are key in merging investor and product.
1. Time Commitment. Just as anti-oppression work is a lifelong process, so is mentorship. Both entities have to enter into the realm of mentor and mentee with an understanding that ideals and needs shift but time can’t be a factor in doing the greater good.
2. Critical Thinking. Don’t be misled that mentorship is an utopian relationship. For me, most of that time is spent correcting mishaps, shaping thoughts and sharing information all of which are vital to leadership development. Challenging questions are the core of preparing the product to respond to mistakes and streamlining processes.
3. Push Past Personal Boundaries. Six years ago, to say I was timid and shy would be an understatement. Today I present, spearhead projects and even write articles. Never bragging but indeed humbled by the turn of events. With every opportunity afforded me, I enter into it knowing that I would not be in a place to be receptive of it without my investors. They pushed me my past my constraints through esteem building, access to professional development and believing in my brand.
4. Honesty. My, aren’t my investors honest! When I do something right, they are the first to praise. When I make a mistake, they are the first to correct. That consistency is appreciated. At first it was a tough adjustment because I took their constructive criticisms personally. As I grew as a person, I became more receptive to my investor’s firm hand and insight to do and be better.
5. Willingness to Grow. Investors, or at least the good ones, want to see their product grow and flourish. This is the same for mentors. The relationship is entered into with growth at the forefront. Growth in the form of a willingness to learn, take risks, make mistakes and be the best product possible.
I am no household name. I am sure I won’t end the epidemic of sexual violence. What I do know is that my product is sound and I am in a good place to do good work. Now that I think about it, that is all my investors wanted from me initially. Now I have the task of seeking out products, ensuring they are planted in good ground to change the world; that in itself exceeds anything money can buy.
Tracy D. Wright is the Technical Assistance Provider and Women of Color Leadership Project Coordinator with the North Carolina Coalition Against Sexual Assault (NCCASA) for the National Resource Sharing Project. Her current work provides technical assistance and training to 16 state and territorial sexual assault coalitions. In this capacity, Tracy works with national entities to create a coordinated response to ending sexual violence, addresses emerging issues and carves out initiatives specifically for women of color in the anti-sexual violence movement. Tracy’s initial work in the women’s anti-violence movement began as a project intern with NCCASA where she compiled an analysis of over 75 sexual assault service providers in North Carolina. Fully committed to a life of service, Tracy has served on the boards of the Wake County Commission for Women and the Achievement Academy of Durham. She regularly lends time and talents to Wright Interactions and Reaching Your Goals, Inc. Ms. Wright holds a BA in Mass Communications from Shaw University and a Masters of Science in Print Journalism from Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University. She was also a graduate of the North Carolina Center for Women in Public Service Summer Institute.
Ever since I was acknowledged as one of the Top 25 Online Influencers in Leadership, I’ve been thinking a lot about leadership, personal branding and online influence as it relates to Generation Y, Generation X, and young professionals in general. One of my dear readers emailed me over the weekend to say it was wonderful “to not only see a person of color, but a young person of color” on the list. I’m glad she said it because I was thinking the same thing. I was thinking about how the web levels the playing field in any niche, regardless of age.
Especially on Twitter.
Here I am again, #14 on this list of the 25 most influential nonprofit tweeters, ranked by WeFollow. And while it’s great to be able to measure online influence in these two very concrete ways, my focus is on a different kind of ROI.
The return on online impact. Sure, the more visible I am, the more opportunities I have to get hired and make money. More important to me, though is that I’m better able to use my voice to bring attention to issues that I care about, like racial justice and career empowerment for young people. Best of all, I’m able to showcase the stories of so many other unsung leaders working for social change.
While I may be one of the most visible in the online space, there are many other young nonprofit leaders and social change agents out there on the Internetz that are not only leading the way to make the world a better place, but influencing others to do the same. They are the rockstars of today and tomorrow. Follow them. Follow us. We’re going places. And trust me, you want to come with.
50 Young Nonprofit Influencers You Should Be Following on Twitter
Here’s the full list in a handy dandy format that you can auto-follow simply by clicking “select all” at the top and then entering your Twitter name at the bottom.
P.S. I spent a lot of time compiling this list, so please do me a favor and spread it far and wide. Thank you. And you’re welcome.
Like this post? Please subscribe by email or subscribe via RSS so you never miss an update! And don’t forget to follow me on Twitter @rosettathurman!
This Monday, July 19, I invite you to tune in on your lunch break to my internet radio show, All Nonprofits Considered on BlogTalkRadio! Join me for a live discussion with Rahama Wright, founder and President of Shea Yeleen International, as she shares her journey through the nonprofit sector and her passion for the work of Shea Yeleen, an organization whose mission is to promote sustainable economic development and empower women in rural West Africa through organizing and training women owned cooperatives to produce, market, and sell high quality shea butter. Don’t miss it!
July 19, 12:00-1:00pm EST
Rahama Wright, Founder & President of Shea Yeleen Shares Her Journey
Rahama Wright was introduced to shea butter production when she was an intern at the American Embassy in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. During her three month assignment she met and interviewed shea butter producers and discovered the challenges they had in bringing their products to market. Soon after her time in Ouagadougou, she committed to a two year Peace Corps service in Mali, where she helped to create the first shea butter cooperative in her village Dio. As a first generation Ghanaian American, Rahama truly connected to the struggles of many of the women in her village community. She felt that she could be a bridge to assisting these women in maximizing their local resources to become entrepreneurs in the global marketplace. In 2005 she officially launched Shea Yeleen International a 501c3 social enterprise that helps women in West Africa organize cooperatives, provides training on quality assurance and mico enterprise development, and brings the shea butter products to market. Her goal is to change the shea butter sector so that all women shea producers can be fairly compensated for their labor.
As well as working as the Executive Director of Shea Yeleen, Rahama has been focused on youth development through mentorship as a volunteer for BUILD, a nonprofit that instills entrepreneurship skills in DC high school students. Rahama received her degree in International Relations from the State University of New York at Geneseo and has worked for Aguirre International, Georgetown University, and the Department of State. She’s also an avid traveler with trips to Afghanistan, Tanzania, Morocco, Namibia, Zambia, Kenya, Southern Sudan, Mali, Burkina Faso, and Ghana under her belt.
Don’t Forget to Join the Live Chat Room!
About 10 minutes before the show begins, I open up the live chat room that appears right below the audio player. Be sure to log-in to the chat room during the show to share your questions and comments. Talk live with me, my guests and the other listeners! Remember, you can both listen online or call in – this is a LIVE show! And it’s going to be AWESOME. Can’t listen to the live show? No worries – each show is archived for you to listen to later online or you can subscribe to the show in iTunes and get it in your iPod.
Cozality on 
bsaunders on 
